Original Research ● Open access

An analysis of anxiety levels among volleyball athletes during a provincial inter-club tournament in Jakarta, Indonesia

Authors

  • Rea Rizkita Raga , 
  • Yunita Lasma

Background: Competitive anxiety is a key psychological factor that can significantly affect an athlete's performance. In volleyball, high-pressure situations often lead to anxiety, potentially hindering players' ability to perform optimally.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the levels of anxiety experienced by volleyball athletes competing in the Special Capital Region Jakarta Inter-Club Provincial Championship.

Methods: A descriptive quantitative design was used, with data collected through a survey involving 70 volleyball athletes. The instrument used was a 35-item anxiety questionnaire categorized into two phases: before the match (18 items) and during the match (17 items). Responses were measured using a 5-point Likert scale. Validity testing confirmed all items were valid, and the instrument showed high reliability (α = 0.954), as analyzed using SPSS 23.

Results: During the match, 35.7% of athletes experienced high anxiety, while 64.3% showed low anxiety. Prior to the match, 44.3% reported high anxiety and 55.7% reported low anxiety. Overall, 36.6% of athletes showed high anxiety levels, while 61.4% displayed low levels. These results indicate that most athletes have relatively good emotional regulation abilities in competitive situations.

Conclusions: The study underscores the critical role of psychological readiness in athletic performance. Coaches and policymakers are encouraged to integrate structured mental training programs into athlete development. Future research should explore variables contributing to anxiety, such as playing position, competitive experience, and demographic factors like age and gender.

Keywords:

COVER ISSUE

LICENSE

HOW TO CITE

Raga, R. R. , & Lasma, Y. (2025). An analysis of anxiety levels among volleyball athletes during a provincial inter-club tournament in Jakarta, Indonesia. Physical Education and Sports: Studies and Research, 4(2), 175-185. https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v4i2.605

DOWNLOADS

Download data is not yet available.
METRICS
Abstract Views: 0 PDF Downloads: 0 Pages: 175-185

References

Asrulla, R., Jailani, M. S., & Jeka, F. (2023). Populasi dan sampling (kuantitatif), serta pemilihan informan kunci (kualitatif) dalam pendekatan praktis. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7(3), 26320-26332. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v7i3.10836

Baghaskara, M. N., Anwari, A. S. N., Priambodo, A., & Widodo, A. (2025). Tingkat Kecemasan Mahasiswa dengan Cabang Olahraga Voli ketika Pertandingan. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Gizi, 3(1), 175-184. https://doi.org/10.55606/jig.v3i1.3492

Croix, M. D. S., Ayala, F., Julian, R., Sargent, D., & Hughes, J. (2024). Injury prevention and rehabilitation. In Women’s Football (pp. 203-219). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003381914-16

Devi, N. C., & Indardi, N. (2022). Pengaruh Psikologi Latihan Terhadap Pembinaan Olahraga dan Sport Personology Atlet Club Bolavoli TWOSRA. JOSSAE (Journal of Sport Science and Education), 7(2), 92-97. https://doi.org/10.26740/jossae.v7n2.p92-97

Ford, J., Ildefonso, K., Jones, M., & Arvinen-Barrow, M. (2017). Sport-related anxiety: current insights. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, Volume 8, 205–212. https://doi.org/10.2147/oajsm.s125845

González-García, I. (2024). Analysis of Game Variables and influence on defensive success in elite handball. Physical Education and Sports: Studies and Research, 3(2), 77–95. https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v3i2.340

Gusriansyah, G., Sulastio, A., & Wedi. (2025). Perbandingan Tingkat Kecemasan Dan Kepercayaan Diri Atlet Riau Pada Cabang Olahraga Individu Dan Tim Sebelum Bertanding Didalam Event Porwil 2023. Jurnal Mahasiswa Pendidikan Olahraga, 5(3), 834-845. https://doi.org/10.55081/jumper.v5i3.3344

Kemarat, S., Theanthong, A., Yeemin, W., & Suwankan, S. (2022). Personality characteristics and competitive anxiety in individual and team athletes. Plos one, 17(1), e0262486. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262486

Khoirudin, D., Pratama, H. G., Santoso, D. A., & Putro, B. N. (2023). Enhancing technical skills using under-passing and game approach in girls volleyball. Physical Education and Sports: Studies and Research, 2(2), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v2i2.276

Kotronoulas, G., Miguel, S., Dowling, M., Fernández-Ortega, P., Colomer-Lahiguera, S., Bağçivan, G., Pape, E., Drury, A., Semple, C., Dieperink, K. B., & Papadopoulou, C. (2023). An overview of the fundamentals of data management, analysis, and interpretation in quantitative research. Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 39(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2023.151398

Kusumawati, I., Fauzi, A., & Amini, M. (2022). Pengaruh motivasi kerja, budaya kerja dan disiplin kerja dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan di era new normal masa pandemi covid-19 pada badan keuangan dan aset daerah kabupaten sumbawa. Economic Journal of Information Systems Management, 3(5), 540–552. https://doi.org/10.31933/jemsi.v3i5

Maulana, Z., & Khairani, M. (2017). Kecemasan bertanding pada atlet pon acehberdasarkan jenis aktivitas olahraga. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 5(1), 97-106. https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v5i1.3814

Mellalieu, S. D., Hanton, S., & Fletcher, D. (2009). A competitive anxiety review: Recent directions in sport psychology research (pp. 1-45). New York, NY, USA: Nova Science Publishers.

Memet, M., Achmad, H. S., & Aridhotul, H. (2021). Statistika dalam Pendidikan Olahrga (S. M. Vera (ed.); 1st, Cet. 1. ed.). PT RajaGrafindo Persada, Depok.

Muzakhi, G., Hardovi, B. H., & Apriliyanto, R. (2025). Analisis tingkat kecemasan atlet ekstrakurikuler bola voli SMA Negeri Balung. Porkes Journal. 8(2), 897–907. https://doi.org/10.29408/porkes.v8i2.30098

Mylsidayu, A., & Kurniawan, F. (2015). Ilmu Kepelatihan Dasar. Alfabeta.

Nurhadi, M. D. A., Sembiring, D. A., & Dewi, R. R. K. (2023). Pengaruh tingkat kecemasan dan performa atlet cabang olahraga bola tangan (handball) universitas singaperbangsa karawang. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 9(2), 119-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/jkor.v9i2.12584

Olivar, A. M., Reyes, J. N., Balisi, J. P. T., & Panganiban, T. D. C. (2024). Effect of high heeled shoe sole to the vertical jump performance of volleyball women student athletes. Physical Education and Sports: Studies and Research, 3(2), 116–125. https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v3i2.369

Rossi, C., Amato, A., Alesi, M., Alioto, A., Schiera, G., Drid, P., Messina, G., Pagliaro, A., Di Liegro, I., & Proia, P. (2024). Hormonal and psychological influences on performance anxiety in adolescent female volleyball players: a multi-approach study. PeerJ, 12, e16617. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16617

Šadrincevaitė, S., & Griciūtė, A. (2023). Volleyball players pre-competitive anxiety: sex-based differences and relationship with sport characteristics. Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences, 3(130), 32–44. https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v3i130.1419

Shoxrux, S. (2023). Applications of sport psychology in the world. American Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Research, 3(11), 107-120. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume03Issue11-14

Sopa, I. S. (2021). Assessing the anxiety level of a volleyball team. Geosport for Society, 14(1), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.30892/gss.1405-071

Sulistiyowati, W. & Astuti, C. C. (2017). Statistika Dasar: Konsep dan Aplikasinya. https://doi.org/10.21070/2017/978-979-3401-73-7

Tangkudung, J. (2018). SPORT PSYCHOMETRICS Dasar-dasar dan Instrumen Psikometri. PT Grafindo Persada

Tangkudung, J., & Mylsidayu, A. (2017). Mental training aspek-aspek psikologi dalam olahraga. Cakrawala Cendekia.

Vaccaro, M. G., Bertollo, M., Guidetti, L., Quattrone, A., & Emerenziani, G. Pietro. (2021). Individuals’ depression and anxiety might be influenced by the level of physical activity and expertise: a pilot study on elite volleyball players and amateur athletes. Sport Sciences for Health, 17(4), 999–1005. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-021-00767-2

Vamsikrishna, D., & Selvam, D. (2022). A study of sports competition anxiety among different level volleyball male players in Southern India. Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health 9(2), 358–360. https://doi.org/10.22271/kheljournal.2022.v9.i2f.2498

Varzaneh, A. G., Saemi, E. S. M. A. E. E. L., Shafinia, P., Zarghami, M., & Ghamari, A. (2011). Relationship between mental skills and anxiety interpretation in female volleyball players. Studies in Physical Culture and Tourism, 18(1), 19-24.

Vealey, R. S., & Greenleaf, C. A. (2021). Seeing is believing: Understanding and using imagery in sport. Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance, 4, 247-272.

Vodicar, J., Kovac, E., & Tusak, M. (2012). Effectiveness Of Athletes'pre-Competition Mental Preparation/Ucinkovitost Psihicne Priprave Na Sportnikova Predtekmovalna Stanja. Kinesiologia Slovenica, 18(1), 22-37.

Woodman, T. I. M., & Hardy, L. E. W. (2003). The relative impact of cognitive anxiety and self-confidence upon sport performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of sports sciences, 21(6), 443-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000101809

Yang, L., Zhang, Z., Zhang, J., & Veloo, A. (2024). The relationship between competitive anxiety and athlete burnout in college athlete : the mediating roles of competence and autonomy. BMC Psychology 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01888-2

How to Cite

An analysis of anxiety levels among volleyball athletes during a provincial inter-club tournament in Jakarta, Indonesia. (2025). Physical Education and Sports: Studies and Research, 4(2), 175-185. https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v4i2.605