Analysis of stroke rate (SR) and Stroke Length (SL) the Three Fastest Breaststroke Swimmers at the Tokyo Olympics 2021
Abstract
Background: Swimming velocity results from a combination of stroke rate (SR) and stroke length (SL). Previously, it was rare to find studies that discussed the pattern of SR and SL length in Olympic swimmers, especially in breaststroke swimmers, as a benchmark reference in a study.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the practical pattern of the stroke rate (SR) and stroke length (SL) of 100 m and 200 m breaststroke swimmers ranked first to third at the 2021 Tokyo Olympics.
Methods: This study uses quantitative descriptive analysis research with non-test techniques using observation. These non-test techniques involve the systematic observation and recording of the SR and SL length of breaststroke swimmers at the 2021 Tokyo Olympics, as this study aims to determine their patterns.
Results: The results of this study show: in the 100 meters breaststroke men's effective SR pattern (45-75 strokes/min) and SL length (1.33-2.14 m/stroke); 200 meters breaststroke men's effective SR pattern (33-49 strokes/min) and SL length (1.55-2.77 m/stroke); 100 meters breaststroke women's effective SR pattern (30-63 strokes/min) and SL length (1-2.14 m/stroke); and 200 meters breaststroke women's effective SR pattern (32-48 strokes/min) and SL length (1.6-2.5 m/stroke).
Conclusion: This research concludes that the effective pattern of SR and SL of 100 m and 200 m breaststroke swimmers, as identified in the results, can serve as a benchmark for understanding and improving the performance of competitive breaststroke swimmers.
Keywords:
ARTICLE INFORMATION
LICENSE
Copyright (c) 2024 Novan Purnama Alim, Supriatna Supriatna, Yulingga Nanda Hanief
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
HOW TO CITE
Alim, N. P. , Supriatna, S. , & Hanief, Y. N. (2024). Analysis of stroke rate (SR) and Stroke Length (SL) the Three Fastest Breaststroke Swimmers at the Tokyo Olympics 2021. Physical Education and Sports: Studies and Research, 3(2), 137-154. https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v3i2.388
DOWNLOADS
References
Barbosa, T. M., Barbosa, A. C., Simbaña Escobar, D., Mullen, G. J., Cossor, J. M., Hodierne, R., Arellano, R., & Mason, B. R. (2023). The role of the biomechanics analyst in swimming training and competition analysis. Sports Biomechanics, 22(12), 1734–1751. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2021.1960417
Colwin, C. (2002). Breakthrough swimming. Human kinetics. http://136.175.10.10/ebook/pdf/Breakthrough_Swimming.pdf
Dekerle, J. (2020). High Performance Youth Swimming. Routledge.
Garland Fritzdorf, S., Hibbs, A., & Kleshnev, V. (2009). Analysis of speed, stroke rate, and stroke distance for world-class breaststroke swimming. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(4), 373–378. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410802632623
Gonjo, T., & Olstad, B. H. (2021). Race analysis in competitive swimming: A narrative review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010069
Hollander, A. P., Strass, D., & Troup, J. (2005). Biomechanics and medicine in swimming VII. Routledge.
Kleshnev, V. (2006). Method of analysis of speed, stroke rate and stroke distance in aquatic loco-motions. ISBS-Conference Proceedings Archive. https://ojs.ub.uni-konstanz.de/cpa/article/view/104
Liu, Y., Lu, G., Chen, J., & Zhu, Q. (2021). Exploration of internal and external factors of swimmers’ performance based on biofluid mechanics and computer simulation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(12), 6471. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126471
Lucero, B. (2011). Strength training for faster swimming. Meyer & Meyer Verlag.
Maglischo, E. W. (2003). Swimming fastest. Human kinetics.
McGibbon, K. E., Pyne, D. B., Shephard, M. E., & Thompson, K. G. (2018). Pacing in Swimming: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 48(7), 1621–1633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0901-9
Melnikov, A., Shynkaruk, V., & Seleshchuk, A. (2024). Using of innovative methods during swimming lessons summary. Scientific Journal of the Dragomanov Ukrainian State University, (4(177), 95-98. https://doi.org/10.31392/UDU-nc.series15.2024.4(177).19
Morais, J. E., Barbosa, T. M., Bragada, J. A., Nevill, A. M., & Marinho, D. A. (2023). Race analysis and determination of stroke frequency–stroke length combinations during the 50-M Freestyle Event. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 22(1), 156. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2023.156
Mujika, I., & Crowley, E. (2019). Strength training for swimmers. Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Training: Scientific Basics and Practical Applications, 369-386. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-75547-2_25
Mullen, J. G. (2018). Swimming Science: Optimum performance in the water. Ivy Press.
Mulyana, A., Pingkan, A. D., Yulianti, D., Luthfiatunnisa, F. F., Shidiqqa, Q. Q. A., Sabirah, R., & Azzahra, S. F. (2024). Manfaat Pembelajaran Renang untuk Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak di Sekolah Dasar. Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal, 5(3), 3213-3221. https://doi.org/10.54373/imeij.v5i3.1251
Muniz-Pardos, B., Gomez-Bruton, A., Matute-Llorente, A., Gonzalez-Aguero, A., Gomez-Cabello, A., Gonzalo-Skok, O., ... & Vicente-Rodriguez, G. (2019). Swim-specific resistance training: A systematic review. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(10), 2875-2881. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003256
Liu, S. (2020). Research on the Social Value of Swimming. International Journal of Frontiers in Sociology, 2(5). https://doi.org/10.25236/IJFS.2020.020504
Pendergast, D. R., & Zamparo, P. (2011). Balance of biomechanical and physiological contributions to swimming performance. In ISBS-Conference Proceedings Archive. https://ojs.ub.uni-konstanz.de/cpa/article/view/4751
Price, T., Cimadoro, G., & S Legg, H. (2024). Physical performance determinants in competitive youth swimmers: A systematic review. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 16(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00767-4
Riewald, S. A., & Rodeo, S. A. (2015). Science of swimming faster. Human Kinetics.
Ruiz-Navarro, J. J., Cuenca-Fernandez, F., Sanders, R., & Arellano, R. (2022). The determinant factors of undulatory underwater swimming performance: A systematic review. Journal of sports Sciences, 40(11), 1243-1254. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2022.2061259
Setiawan, T. T. (2015). Stroke Rate (Sr) dan Stroke Length (Sl) Perenang Gaya Bebas Siswa Indonesia Peserta Popnas Tahun 2009. Jorpres (Jurnal Olahraga Prestasi), 11(1), 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jorpres.v11i1.10254
Sriundy Mahardika, I. (2023). Construct of 50-Meter Crawl Style Swimming Performance and The Determinant Physical Factors. Journal of Advanced Zoology, 44. https://doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44iS-5.1259
Winarni, E. W. (2021). Teori dan praktik penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, PTK, R & D. Bumi Aksara.
