Program fisioterapi komunitas berbasis edukasi dan latihan terapeutik dalam menurunkan nyeri dan meningkatkan kemandirian lansia di Panti Werdha Bhakti Luhur Tropodo A community-based physical therapy program focused on education and therapeutic exercises to reduce pain and improve independence among the elderly at the Bhakti Luhur Tropodo Nursing Home

Abstrak

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya prevalensi gangguan muskuloskeletal pada lansia, khususnya nyeri lutut dan nyeri punggung bawah, yang berdampak pada penurunan kapasitas fungsional dan kemandirian. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan, menurunkan intensitas nyeri, serta meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional lansia melalui program fisioterapi komunitas. Metode yang digunakan meliputi edukasi kesehatan, demonstrasi latihan terapeutik, dan pendampingan latihan secara individual. Intervensi yang diberikan berupa latihan penguatan dan fleksibilitas seperti quadriceps setting, straight leg raise, heel slide, knee extension, bridging, serta latihan untuk low back pain seperti single knee to chest dan double knee to chest. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui pre-test dan post-test pengetahuan serta pengukuran nyeri menggunakan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dengan kategori baik dari 49% menjadi 76%, serta penurunan nyeri berat pada lutut dari 23% menjadi 6% dan pada punggung dari 32% menjadi 4%. Selain itu, terjadi peningkatan kemampuan lansia dalam melakukan latihan mandiri serta meningkatnya peran caregiver dalam mendampingi lansia. Program ini efektif dalam meningkatkan aspek fisik, kognitif, dan perilaku, sehingga berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup lansia secara berkelanjutan.

Abstract

This community service initiative was motivated by the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among the elderly, particularly knee pain and lower back pain, which lead to a decline in functional capacity and independence. The objectives of this initiative are to enhance knowledge, reduce pain intensity, and improve the functional abilities of the elderly through a community-based physical therapy program. The methods used included health education, demonstrations of therapeutic exercises, and individualized exercise guidance. The interventions provided consisted of strengthening and flexibility exercises such as quadriceps sets, straight leg raises, heel slides, knee extensions, and bridging, as well as exercises for low back pain such as single knee to chest and double knee to chest. Evaluation was conducted through pre- and post-tests of knowledge and pain measurement using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Results showed an increase in knowledge in the “good” category from 49% to 76%, as well as a reduction in severe knee pain from 23% to 6% and in back pain from 32% to 4%. Additionally, there was an improvement in the elderly participants’ ability to perform independent exercises, as well as an increased role for caregivers in supporting the elderly. This program effectively enhances physical, cognitive, and behavioral functioning, thereby contributing to sustained improvements in the quality of life for the elderly.