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  • Injury pattern and risk factors in grassroots football: A study of 10-year-old athletes

    Leo Ferdinand1, Yulingga Nanda Hanief2, Randy M. Manimtim3
    1. State University of Malang , ID
    2. State University of Malang , ID
    3. Batangas State University TNEU , PH
    2025-06-17
    doi https://doi.org/10.56003/sei.v1i1.512
    Published Online: 17 June 2025
    |
    page 27-39
    Abstract

    Background: Young football players, especially in grassroots competitions, are highly susceptible to injury due to physical contact, fatigue, and underdeveloped motor skills, making injury prevention a critical aspect of early childhood sports.

    Objectives: This study aims to analyze the types, causes, and needs for injury prevention in 10-year-old football players.

    Methods: A descriptive quantitative design was used with the survey method. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to players injured during the competition. A purposive sampling technique was applied with inclusion criteria: (1) players injured during the match and (2) willing to participate. The final sample consisted of 25 athletes.

    Results: A total of 25 injury incidents were recorded. The most common type of injury was contusion, reaching 13 cases (52%), followed by muscle cramps (20%) and sprains (8%). Most injuries (64%) occurred in the lower extremities, especially the knee and thigh. Injuries predominantly occurred in the second half of matches (60%), with 88% caused by physical contact with an opponent. In the absence of medical personnel, coaches often found themselves in the role of first responders, a challenging position that requires adequate training and support. Many players continued to play despite their injuries, indicating a need for improved injury management.

    Conclusions: The study concluded that football injuries in children generally occur in the lower extremities, with bruising being the most dominant type. Player-to-player collisions caused most injuries, and many players could continue the match. This shows the importance of prevention, education, and follow-up for developing the sport of football.

    APA Citation Style
    Ferdinand, L. , Hanief, Y. N. , & Manimtim, R. M. (2025). Injury pattern and risk factors in grassroots football: A study of 10-year-old athletes. Sport, Exercise, and Injury, 27-39. https://doi.org/10.56003/sei.v1i1.512

  • Injury trends in Pencak Silat: Impact of regulation changes on sparring athletes

    Jhenny Ayu Suryaningrum1, Mohamad Nizam Mohamed Shapie2
    1. State University of Malang , ID
    2. MARA University of Technology , MY
    2025-06-17
    doi https://doi.org/10.56003/sei.v1i1.511
    Published Online: 17 June 2025
    |
    page 15-26
    Abstract

    Background: Pencak Silat is a martial arts sport with high physical contact intensity, resulting in a high risk of injury. To improve safety and sportsmanship, PERSILAT changed the competition rules in 2017. However, the impact of these changes on athlete injury rates is still debated.

    Objectives: This study aimed to compare injury rates between the old and new rules in the sparring category of Pencak Silat athletes.

    Methods: The study involved 40 sparring category Pencak Silat athletes in the Greater Malang area, aged 16-25 years, who had experience competing before and after implementing the new rules. Sampling used a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed descriptively quantitatively with percentage calculations.

    Results: The results showed a decrease in injury rates in the new rules compared to the old rules. 50.00% of respondents were injured 1-2 times under the new regulation, lower than 57.50% under the old regulation. The most common injury was bruising (27.06% under the new rules vs. 36.36% under the old rules), while dislocation injuries increased (18.82% vs. 15.58%). The most common injury was to the ankle. Most athletes stated that injuries affected their performance and daily activities.

    Conclusions: Rule changes have not eliminated the risk of injury in high-contact sports such as Pencak Silat. A decrease in bruising followed by increased dislocations suggests the need for more specific prevention strategies. This study contributes to understanding the impact of new regulations on athlete safety.

    APA Citation Style
    Suryaningrum, J. A. , & Shapie, M. N. M. (2025). Injury trends in Pencak Silat: Impact of regulation changes on sparring athletes. Sport, Exercise, and Injury, 15-26. https://doi.org/10.56003/sei.v1i1.511

  • Analysis of strategy and implementation of head injury prevention programs: A case study of boxers at HAN Academy Malang

    Padantya Devin Sugito1
    1. State University of Malang , ID
    2026-01-05
    doi https://doi.org/10.56003/sei.v1i2.646
    Published Online: 05 January 2026
    |
    page 99-110
    Abstract

    Background: Boxing is a high-risk combat sport with a high probability of head injuries, so effective prevention strategies are essential for athlete safety. However, empirical evidence on the implementation of head injury prevention programs at the training academy level is still limited.

    Objectives: This study aims to explore strategies and the practical implementation of head injury prevention at the HAN Boxing Academy, Malang.

    Methods: A qualitative case study design was used with purposive sampling. Four participants (one coach and three active athletes) were recruited. Data were collected through document review, direct observation, and semi-structured interviews, which consisted of 15 guiding questions. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach, which involved data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Methodological triangulation was applied to enhance credibility.

    Results: Three main themes emerged: (1) systematic emphasis on basic defensive techniques to minimize head collisions, (2) mandatory and consistent use of head protection during training sessions, and (3) active supervision by coaches combined with a gradual rehabilitation protocol, including competition restrictions for up to six months after a serious head injury. Participants considered head protection effective in reducing the severity of impacts, although the residual risk of head injury was still acknowledged.

    Conclusions: Head injury prevention in academies is implemented through an integrated approach that combines technical skill development, the use of protective equipment, and continuous monitoring. To strengthen its effectiveness, it is recommended that structured injury prevention protocols be implemented and closer collaboration with medical professionals be fostered.
    APA Citation Style
    Sugito, P. D. (2026). Analysis of strategy and implementation of head injury prevention programs: A case study of boxers at HAN Academy Malang. Sport, Exercise, and Injury, 99-110. https://doi.org/10.56003/sei.v1i2.646

  • Injury prevalence among cricket athletes in East Java: A cross-sectional study

    Ali Ridho Fadlurrahman Najib1
    1. State University of Malang , ID
    2025-06-17
    doi https://doi.org/10.56003/sei.v1i1.554
    Published Online: 17 June 2025
    |
    page 40-49
    Abstract

    Background: Cricket has a risk of injury that needs to be considered, especially for athletes in East Java. This study aims to understand the prevalence of injuries in East Java cricket athletes, including the type, location, cause, time of occurrence, and treatment, as an effort to prevent and improve athlete performance.

    Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence, types, causes, timing, and management of injuries among cricket athletes in East Java.

    Methods: This study uses non-experimental descriptive quantitative methods, with a cross-sectional study and total sampling technique. 25 Indonesian East Java Province Cricket athletes with an age of 22.68+2.32, height of 163.2+6.78, and weight of 60.32+10.06, consisting of 13 male athletes and 12 female athletes, were involved in this study. This research instrument used a questionnaire to collect data. Data were analyzed using percentage analysis.

    Results: The results showed that abrasions (36%) and muscle cramps (20%) were the most frequent injuries, especially affecting the lower extremities (56%). Overtraining (52%) was the leading cause, and injuries mainly occurred during training (52%). The RICE method was the most frequently applied treatment (60%).

    Conclusions: This study highlights the need for structured training programs and preventive strategies to reduce the incidence of injuries.

    APA Citation Style
    Najib, A. R. F. (2025). Injury prevalence among cricket athletes in East Java: A cross-sectional study. Sport, Exercise, and Injury, 40-49. https://doi.org/10.56003/sei.v1i1.554
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