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  • Workplace stress and burnout among university lecturers in Indonesia and Malaysia: A systematic review of stressors, outcomes, and protective factors

    Mimi Haryani Hassim1, Dian Puspitaningtyas Laksana2, Rachmy Rosyida Rais3, Ronal Surya Aditya4
    1. University of Technology Malaysia , MY
    2. State University of Malang , ID
    3. State University of Malang , ID
    4. Universitas Jember , ID
    2026-01-27
    doi https://doi.org/10.56003/phosj.v1i2.674
    Published Online: 27 January 2026
    |
    page 174-192
    Abstract

    Background: Workplace stress and burnout have emerged as critical occupational health concerns among university lecturers, particularly amid increasing academic workloads, performance pressures, and organizational demands intensified during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite growing empirical attention, evidence remains fragmented, especially within Southeast Asian higher education contexts.

    Objectives: This study aims to systematically review empirical research on workplace stress and burnout among university lecturers in Indonesia and Malaysia, with a focus on identifying key stressors, associated outcomes, and protective factors.

    Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Peer-reviewed articles published in English were retrieved from the Scopus database using predefined search terms related to workplace stress, burnout, lecturers, and higher education in Indonesia and Malaysia. After screening and eligibility assessment, 19 studies published between 2004 and 2025 were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, and findings were synthesized through qualitative narrative analysis due to study heterogeneity.

    Results: The review reveals that workplace stress and burnout are prevalent among university lecturers in both countries. Major stressors include excessive workload, role ambiguity, performance-based evaluation systems, work–life imbalance, and limited organizational support. These stressors are consistently associated with adverse outcomes such as emotional exhaustion, reduced job satisfaction, impaired performance, and increased turnover intention. Protective factors, including social support, supportive leadership, emotional intelligence, and workplace spirituality, were found to mitigate stress and burnout effects.

    Conclusions: Workplace stress and burnout among university lecturers in Indonesia and Malaysia are multifactorial and systemic issues embedded in contemporary academic work environments. Organizational- and policy-level interventions are essential to promote lecturer well-being and ensure sustainable academic careers.

    APA Citation Style
    Hassim, M. H. , Laksana, D. P. , Rais, R. R. , & Aditya, R. S. (2026). Workplace stress and burnout among university lecturers in Indonesia and Malaysia: A systematic review of stressors, outcomes, and protective factors. Public Health and Occupational Safety Journal, 174-192. https://doi.org/10.56003/phosj.v1i2.674

  • Role of inter-institutional partnerships in promoting holistic employee wellness programs: A convergent mixed-methods study across three public universities in Metro Manila, Philippines

    Rosalie Dela Cruz1
    1. University of Makati , PH
    2025-11-28
    doi https://doi.org/10.56003/phosj.v1i2.610
    Published Online: 28 November 2025
    |
    page 139-150
    Abstract

    Background: Employee wellness has become an increasingly essential concern in higher education; yet, many public universities continue to struggle with implementing comprehensive and sustainable wellness initiatives. Inter-institutional partnerships offer opportunities to strengthen these efforts through shared resources and coordinated programming.

    Objectives: This study examined how such partnerships support the development of holistic employee wellness programs across three public universities in Metro Manila.

    Methods: Using a convergent mixed-methods design, quantitative data were collected from 150 employees through an 18-item validated survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to assess institutional differences in awareness, participation, and perceived effectiveness. Qualitative data from six key informants were analyzed using grounded theory techniques to identify themes related to institutional practices and collaborative mechanisms.

    Results: Findings indicated significant variations among institutions in employee awareness, participation levels, and perceptions of program effectiveness. Despite the availability of wellness initiatives, participation remained limited, mainly due to workload demands, time constraints, and scheduling challenges. Qualitative themes highlighted four central factors influencing the implementation of wellness: institutional support, holistic wellness orientation, program personalization, and persistent participation barriers. These themes helped explain why engagement levels differed among institutions.

    Conclusions: Overall, inter-institutional collaboration contributes positively to wellness program development, but its impact depends on strong institutional support, program relevance, and clear communication. Enhancing coordination and tailoring activities to employee needs may improve future wellness outcomes.

    APA Citation Style
    Cruz, R. D. (2025). Role of inter-institutional partnerships in promoting holistic employee wellness programs: A convergent mixed-methods study across three public universities in Metro Manila, Philippines. Public Health and Occupational Safety Journal, 139-150. https://doi.org/10.56003/phosj.v1i2.610
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